479. There was blood on the mattress, even she was covered with blood. I saw yet more frightful things. [208] The resolution states that: ...the policies of aggression and ethnic cleansing as implemented by Serb forces in Bosnia and Herzegovina from 1992 to 1995 with the direct support of Serbian regime of Slobodan MiloÅ¡ević and its followers ultimately led to the displacement of more than 2,000,000 people, an estimated 200,000 killed, tens of thousands raped or otherwise tortured and abused, and the innocent civilians of Sarajevo and other urban centres repeatedly subjected to shelling and sniper attacks; meet the terms defining the crime of genocide in Article 2 of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, created in Paris on 9 December 1948, and entered into force on 12 January 1951. From approximately 1 August 1995 to 1 November 1995, there was an organised effort to remove the bodies from primary mass gravesites and transport them to secondary and tertiary gravesites. Opposition parties, in turn, expressed their discontent with the resolution claiming its text was "shameful" for Serbia, either claiming the wording was too strong or too weak. [343] Questions were raised regarding Srebrenica in the symposium Srebrenica 1995–2015: činjenice nedoumice, propaganda held by the Museum of Genocide Victims (Muzej žrtava genocida) and Strategic Culture Foundation (Fond strateÅ¡ke kulture) in Belgrade in 2017. [146] Around 200 Muslims armed with automatic and hunting rifles were reported to be hiding near the old road near Snagovo. In addition, small pockets of resistance apparently remained behind and engaged Serb forces. Another survivor, who was only slightly wounded, reports: I was not even able to touch the floor, the concrete floor of the warehouse.... After the shooting, I felt a strange kind of heat, warmth, which was coming from the blood that covered the concrete floor and I was stepping on the dead people who were lying around. [222] He was transferred to the ICTY on 30 July 2008. [202] The video, the only undestroyed copy of twenty and previously available for rental in the Serbian town of Å id, was obtained and submitted to the ICTY by NataÅ¡a Kandić, director of the Belgrade-based Humanitarian Law Center. Weltkrieg […] [69] At this time, the UNHCR Director of Operations, Peter Walsh, was dispatched to Srebrenica by the UNHCR Chief of Mission, Damaso Feci, to evaluate what emergency aid could be provided rapidly. The mother sat on the ground and her young son sat beside her. Under the terms of the new agreement, Bosniak forces within the enclave would hand over their weapons, ammunition and mines to UNPROFOR, after which Serb "heavy weapons and units that constituted a menace to the demilitarised zones which will have been established in Žepa and Srebrenica will be withdrawn." In late June and early July, the 28th Division issued a series of reports including urgent pleas for the humanitarian corridor to the enclave to be reopened. Specific instructions from United Nations Headquarters in New York stated that UNPROFOR should not be too zealous in searching for Bosniak weapons and, later, that the Serbs should withdraw their heavy weapons before the Bosniaks gave up their weapons. Miller, Paul B. ABiH 2nd Corps (unnumbered). [303][304] On 19 July 2019 the Dutch Supreme court ruled the Dutch state was liable for 10% for the 300 Bosnian men expelled from the compound.[305][306]. The extent to which this pretext was accepted at face value by international actors and observers reflected the prism of "moral equivalency" through which the conflict in Bosnia was viewed by too many for too long.[307]. [201], On 1 June 2005, video evidence was introduced at the Slobodan MiloÅ¡ević trial to testify to the involvement of members of police units from Serbia in the Srebrenica massacre. [254], Radovan Karadžić and Ratko Mladić were indicted by the ICTY for genocide and complicity in genocide in several municipalities within Bosnia and Herzegovina, including Srebrenica. [129] Over a year later, it was still possible to find physical evidence of this crime. [106], According to Lieutenant Džemail Bećirović, the column managed to break through the ambush and, in so doing, captured a VRS officer, Major Zoran Janković—providing the Army of Bosnia and Herzegovina with a significant bargaining counter. DuÅ¡ko Jević (deputy commander of the interior ministry special police brigade and the commander of the Jahorina special police training center) – found guilty, sentenced to 35 years. The situation in Srebrenica and in other enclaves had deteriorated into lawless violence as prostitution among young Muslim girls, theft and black marketeering proliferated. The total cost of the project was around $5.8 million. This is what I was thinking as I was getting out of the truck. On 1 June 2007 NATO forces conveyed him to Rotterdam where he was turned over to the ICTY in The Hague. Surrendering prisoners' personal belongings were confiscated and some were executed on the spot. Slobodan MiloÅ¡ević was accused of genocide or complicity in genocide in territories within Bosnia and Herzegovina, including Srebrenica,[244] but he died on 11 March 2006 during his ICTY trial and so no verdict was returned. Survivors claimed they were attacked with a chemical agent that caused hallucinations, disorientation and strange behaviour. The list had been withheld from publication with the report by the chief prosecutor of the Bosnian War Crimes Chamber, Marinko Jurčević who claimed that "publishing this information might jeopardise the ongoing investigations". Die Überreste von 127 Opfern, die im letzten Jahr geborgen worden waren, wurden am Samstag vom Friedhof Visoko vor den Toren von Sarajevo in die Gedenkstätte Potocari bei Srebrenica transportiert. Some of these men were placed on the transport to Bratunac and other locations, while some were marched on foot to the warehouses in Kravica. [115] Almost without exception, the thousands of Bosnian prisoners captured, following the take-over of Srebrenica, were executed. Das "Massaker von Srebrenica" - nachgelieferte Letztbegründung für die gewaltsame Zerschlagung Jugoslawiens und Präzedenzfall der humanitär bemäntelten Kriegführung westlicher Hegemonialmächte. He said "Srebrenica was portrayed – and continues to be – as a premeditated massacre of innocent Muslim civilians. [152][153], Meanwhile, the VRS had commenced the process of clearing the bodies from around Srebrenica, Žepa, Kamenica and Snagovo. At some point, a witness recalled, General Mladić arrived and told the men: "Well, your government does not want you and I have to take care of you. "[336], In 2005, Professor Arne Johan Vetlesen said "Thorvald Stoltenberg's co-responsibility in Srebrenica boils down to that he through three years as a top broker contributed to create a climate—diplomatic, politic and indirectly militarily—such that Mladic calculated correctly when he figured that he could do exactly what he wanted with Srebrenica's Muslim population". [57], Multiple attempts to demilitarise the ARBiH and force the withdrawal of the VRS proved futile. They immediately turned over to the patrol; they were searched and their weapons (two pistols and three hand grenades) were confiscated. Juli begannen die Exekutionen der Flüchtlinge, diese dauerten mehrere Tage an. For example, there was a girl, she must have been about nine years old. Das Massaker von Srebrenica (bosnisch Genocid u Srebrenici) war ein Kriegsverbrechen während des Bosnienkriegs (1992 bis 1995), das durch UN-Gerichte gemäß der Konvention über die Verhütung und Bestrafung des Völkermordes als Genozid klassifiziert wurde. [39] Thousands of Bosniaks were also killed in Foča, Zvornik, Cerska and Snagovo.[40]. [231], On 25 April 2013, President Tomislav Nikolić apologised for the massacre: "I kneel and ask for forgiveness for Serbia for the crime committed in Srebrenica. One had been a member of the group separated from the women in Potočari on 13 July. [273] He is currently awaiting trial. Experts determined the presence of bullet strikes, explosives residue, bullets and shell cases, as well as human blood, bones and tissue adhering to the walls and floors of the building. Identification material for 23 persons, listed as missing following the fall of Srebrenica, was located during the exhumations at this site. [117][118], Aerial photos and excavations later confirmed the presence of a mass grave near this location. Borovčanin was convicted of aiding and abetting extermination, murder, persecution, forcible transfer, murder as a crime against humanity and as a violation of the laws of customs of war, and was sentenced to 17 years in prison. [209], State of Missouri Resolution: On 6 July 2005, State of Missouri passed the resolution recognising the Srebrenica Genocide. The names of these individuals were listed among 28,000 Bosnian Serbs reported to have taken part in the massacre by the official Republika Srpska report on Srebrenica. Vor 22 Jahren, am 11. ICTY Outreach Programme[245], On 10 June 2010, seven senior Serb military and police officers, Vujadin Popović, LjubiÅ¡a Beara, Drago Nikolić, Ljubomir Borovčanin, Vinko Pandurević, Radivoje Miletić and Milan Gvero, were found guilty of various crimes ranging from genocide to murder and deportation. into the proceedings) shows an Orthodox priest blessing several members of a Serbian unit known as the "Scorpions." It is impossible that they did not see it. The methodical planning and mobilization of the substantial resources involved required orders to be given at a high command level. SPIEGEL+ kann nur auf einem Gerät zur selben Zeit genutzt werden. [274], On 29 April 2010, the United States extradited Marko BoÅ¡kić on suspicions of having committed genocide. They were raped. They were ordered to strip to the waist and to remove their shoes, whereupon their hands were tied behind their backs. The most disadvantaged group among the Bosnian Muslims was that of the refugees, who usually lived on the streets and without shelter, in freezing temperatures. In most cases, they then entered the village or hamlet, expelled or killed the population, who offered no significant resistance, and destroyed their homes. Juli 2015. [179], By 2006, 42 mass graves have been uncovered around Srebrenica and the specialists believe there are 22 more mass graves. They were brought to Kravica, either by bus or on foot, the distance being approximately one kilometer. I have personally seen all that. [70], On 12 July 1995, as the day wore on, the refugees in the compound could see VRS members setting houses and haystacks on fire. Almost all the 28th Division, 5,500 to 6,000 soldiers, not all armed, gathered in the village of Å uÅ¡njari, in the hills north of the town of Srebrenica, along with about 7,000 civilians. But of course we greatly outnumbered the Muslims, so in almost all cases, we were the hunters and they were the prey. [130] It could also be established that explosives and machine guns had been used. Auch das Urteil des Uno-Kriegsverbrechertribunals in Den Haag, das Srebrenica wiederholt als Völkermord charakterisiert hatte, ändere nichts an den Tatsachen, heißt es in dem Leitartikel weiter. An aerial photograph taken at 14:00 hours that afternoon shows two buses standing in front of the sheds. [183], As a result of the report, the Dutch government accepted partial political responsibility for the circumstances in which the massacre happened[184] and the second cabinet of Wim Kok resigned in 2002. [298], On 10 September 2008, the district court dismissed these claims and held that the State could not be held responsible because the Dutchbat peacekeepers were operating in Bosnia under a United Nations mandate and operational command and control over the troops had been transferred to the UN command. Occasionally, younger and older men were stopped as well (some as young as 14 or 15). By the late afternoon of 13 July, the total had risen to some 6,000 according to the intercepted radio communication; the following day, Major Franken of Dutchbat was given the same figure by Colonel Radislav Janković of the Serb army. Im bosnischen Srebrenica wurden 23 Jahre nach dem Massaker am Jahrestag weitere 35 Opfer beerdigt. In his address to the 10th anniversary commemoration at Potočari, the UN Secretary-General paid tribute to the victims of "a terrible crime – the worst on European soil since the Second World War", on a date "marked as a grim reminder of man's inhumanity to man". General Philippe Morillon of France, Commander of the United Nations Protection Force (UNPROFOR), visited Srebrenica in March 1993. This doesn't mean to pardon or diminish the responsibility of the people who committed that crime, but I am convinced of that, yes. ", Erdemović said that all but one of the victims wore civilian clothes and that, except for one person who tried to escape, they offered no resistance before being shot. responsibility in order to avoid any risks associated with their capture. [202][203], The video caused public outrage in Serbia. Lange Zeit wurde das Massaker von Srebrenica geleugnet. That is why the Dutch troops there remained of secondary importance, in operational and logistic terms, for so long; and why the importance of the enclave in the battle for domination between the Bosnian Serbs and Bosnian Muslims failed to be recognised for so long. There was fierce fighting across the general area of Baljkovica. Erdemović and his fellow-soldiers travelled to the café as requested and, as they waited, they could hear shots and grenades being detonated. [181] The rationale for finding that the Netherlands exercised "effective control" over Dutchbat was given as Art. Völkermord: Serbien verurteilt Srebrenica-Massaker. The biggest attack the Bosniaks launched out of Srebrenica during the more than two years during which it was designated a safe area appears to have been the raid on the village of ViÅ¡njica, on 26 June 1995, in which several houses were burned, up to four Serbs were killed and approximately 100 sheep were stolen. "[307], During Radislav Krstić's trial before the ICTY, the prosecution's military advisor, Richard Butler, pointed out that by carrying out a mass execution, the Serb Army deprived themselves of an extremely valuable bargaining counter. Count 7: Deportation, a Crime Against Humanity. I apologise for the crimes committed by any individual in the name of our state and our people. A second, smaller group of refugees (estimated at between 700 and 800) attempted to escape into Serbia via Mount Kvarac via Bratunac, or across the river Drina and via Bajina BaÅ¡ta. Am Ende verbietet die Polizei den Marsch. Orić's men began hoarding food, fuel, cigarettes and embezzled money sent by foreign aid agencies to support Muslim orphans. The prosecution proved that genocide was committed in Srebrenica and that General Radislav Krstić, among others, was personally responsible for that. The Srebrenica massacre was the culmination of Bosnia’s 1992-95 war, which pitted the country’s three main ethnic factions — Serbs, Croats and Bosnian Muslims, known as Bosniaks — against each other after the break-up of Yugoslavia. [121], On 14 and 15 July 1995, another large group of prisoners numbering some 1,500 to 2,000 were taken from Bratunac to the school in Petkovići. ... Das andere Massaker an den Muslimen weise hingegen viele dunkle Stellen auf. Hundreds appear to have been killed as they fled the open area and some were said to have killed themselves to escape capture. At this point the cameraman expresses disappointment that the camera's battery is almost out. [120], A large group of the prisoners who had been held overnight in Bratunac were bussed in a convoy of 30 vehicles to the Grbavci school in Orahovac early in the morning of 14 July 1995. In 2004, in a unanimous ruling on the case of Prosecutor v. Krstić, the Appeals Chamber of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY), located in The Hague, ruled that the massacre of the enclave's male inhabitants constituted genocide, a crime under international law. [119], Analyses of hair, blood and explosives residue collected at the Kravica Warehouse provide strong evidence of the killings. After initial distrust on the part of the 28th Division, the Å abić brothers were able to identify each other as they stood on either side of the VRS lines.
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